Glossary
B
B
BAASTRUP
d. (kissing spine) - False joint formed by wide posterior spinous
processes of the lumbar spine. This may become a source of pain.
BACKBONE
- See Spine.
BACK
PAIN - nonspecific term used to describe pain below the cervical
spine
BACTERICIDAL
- Causing the death of bacteria.
BACTERIOSTATIC
- Inhibiting or retarding the growth of bacteria.
BANKS-DERVIN
ROD - For scoliosis fixation; a multiple level rod that is fixed
with oblique spinous process to contralateral lamina screws.
BELL'S
PALSY - Paralysis of facial muscles (usually one side) due to facial
nerve dysfunction of unknown cause.
BENIGN
- Not cancerous; does not invade nearby tissue or spread to other
parts of the body.
BIOABSORBABLE
POLYMER - A substance, such as some plastics, which the human body
can break down and absorb.
BIOCOMPATIBILITY
- A characteristic of some materials that when they are inserted
into the body do not produce a significant rejection or immune response.
BIODEGRADATION
- The breakdown of organic materials into simple chemicals commonly
found in the body.
BIOPSY
- Removal of a small portion of tissue, usually for the purpose
of making a diagnosis.
BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER
- The barrier which exists between the blood and the cerebrospinal
fluid which prevents the passage of various substances from the
bloodstream to the brain.
BMP-LIKE
PRODUCTS - proteins that enhance mineralization, which can increase
bone formation.
BOHMAN
- Posterior triple spinous process wiring technique in the cervical
spine to secure bone graft.
BONE
- The hard tissue that provides structural support to the body.
It is primarily composed of hydroxyapatite crystals and collagen.
Individual bones may be classed as long, short, or flat.
BONE
DERIVATIVE - One of the substances extracted from bone, such as
bone morphogenic proteins (BMP).
BONE
GRAFT - Bone which is harvested from one location in an individual
and placed in another individual (allograft bone) or in a different
location in the same individual (autogenous bone).
BONE
HARVESTING - the removal of bone for transplantation to another
site. The most common sources are the iliac crests because these
bones contain a large amount of cancellous bone, the inner spongy
part, which is useful for getting grafts to "take."
BONE
MARROW - The tissue contained within the internal cavities of the
bones. A major function of this tissue is to produce red blood cells.
BONE
MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN-2 (BMP-2) - one of a family of BMPs- naturally
occurring chemicals in the body- that play a major role in bone
growth. BMP-like products: proteins that enhance mineralization,
which can increase bone formation.
BONE
PLATE - Usually a relatively thin metal device which is affixed
to bone via screws. Bone plates are used to immobilize bones or
bone fragments such that healing can occur.
BONE
SCREW - A threaded metal device which is inserted into bone. The
functions of bone screws are to immobilize bones or bone fragments
or to affix other medical devices, such as metal bone plates, to
bones.
BOSWORTH
- A fusion using an H-shaped bone graft in spondylolisthesis.
BOVINE
BONE EXTRACT - a BMP derived from the bones of bovines.
BRACHIAL
- Relating to the Arm.
BRADFORD
- For kyphoscoliosis deformity; staged anterior and posterior approach
for interbody fusion and correction of deformity.
BRADYCARDIA
- Slowness of the heart rate.
BRADYKINESIA
- Slowness in movement.
BRATTSTROM
- Use of acrylic cement for C-1 to C-2 fusion.
BROOKS
and JENKINS - Loops of wire around lamina of C-1 and C-2 to hold
bone graft between lamina.
BROWN-SEQUARD'S
SYNDROME - Loss of sensation of touch, position sense, and movement
on the side of a spinal cord lesion, with loss of pain sensation
on the other side. Caused by a lesion limited to one side of spinal
cord.
BURR
- An electrical drilling tool for enlarging atrephine (circular)
hole in the cranium.
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